Visfatin, an Adipocytokine with Proinflammatory and Immunomodulating Properties

Visfatin, an adipocytokine with proinflammatory and immunomodulating properties.

Adipocytokines are mainly adipocyte-derived cytokines regulating metabolism and as such are key regulators of insulin resistance. Some adipocytokines such as adiponectin and leptin affect immune and inflammatory functions. Visfatin (pre-B cell colony-enhancing factor) has recently been identified as a new adipocytokine affecting insulin resistance by binding to the insulin receptor. In this stu...

The novel adipocytokine visfatin exerts direct cardioprotective effects

Visfatin is an adipocytokine capable of mimicking the glucose-lowering effects of insulin and activating the pro-survival kinases phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (Akt) and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 and 2 (MEK1/2)-extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (Erk 1/2). Experimental studies have demonstrated that the activation of these kinases confers ca...

Proinflammatory Properties Resistin, an Adipokine with Potent

The Role of Vistafin in Diabetes-Induced Impairment of Endothelial Repair System

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is considered a leading factor of cardiovascular (CV) events in general population. Impairment of endogenous endothelial repair system plays a pivotal role in T2DM-induced microangiopathy and macroangiopathy and, however, may contribute in CV risk and outcomes. Recent studies have shown that the nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (NAMPT) currently known as v...

Antiinflammatory and Immunomodulating Properties of Fungal Metabolites

We discuss current information on the ability of extracts and isolated metabolites from mushrooms to modulate immune responses. This can result in a more enhanced innate and acquired disease resistance. The major immunomodulating effects of these active substances derived from mushrooms include mitogenicity and activation of immune effector cells, such as lymphocytes, macrophages, and natural k...